Summit Intelligence

How good triathlon coaches
think about technology

What seven experienced coaches revealed about how they choose, trust, limit, and sometimes reject the technology surrounding their practice — and why their relationship with data is more complicated than most athletes realise.

7 Coaches 4 Themes Qualitative Study
What the Study Asked

Coaches are surrounded
by technology claims.

New devices, new platforms, new metrics. Every season brings another wave. But how do experienced coaches — the ones coaching real athletes, managing real squads — actually decide what to adopt, what to question, and what to refuse?

This study didn't count how many coaches use which tool. It asked why they use what they use — and what they've chosen to leave behind.

How the Study Was Done

Seven coaches.
In-depth conversations.
Four themes that emerged.

Seven qualified triathlon coaches with five or more years of experience participated in semi-structured interviews. Each conversation explored how they evaluate new technologies, which tools anchor their practice, how they communicate with athletes through and about technology, and where they draw the line.

The analysis used thematic coding to identify four major themes that cut across the interviews. This is qualitative research — not a survey of market share. What it offers is depth and insight, not statistical breadth.

What Emerged

Four themes. One question underneath
all of them: what do you trust?

Theme 01
Coaching Philosophy and Technology Philosophy Are Connected
Coaches don't think about technology in isolation. Their view of devices, platforms, and data is shaped by their broader coaching identity — what they believe about how athletes learn, adapt, and perform. The two philosophies interact, and the best coaches know it.
Theme 02
Technology for Performance
GPS watches and bike power meters were the most-used tools. Power on the bike was viewed as especially important and trustworthy. Run power was more contested — some coaches adopted it, others questioned its validity. TrainingPeaks was widely used as the central platform, with Today's Plan and Final Surge also present.
Theme 03
Technology for Communication
How coaches reach their athletes matters as much as what they measure. Phone calls were valued for richness and nuance. Platforms provided centralised data views. Email was broadly disliked. The channel shapes the relationship — not just the message.
Theme 04
Technology for Athlete Health and Well-being
Coaches used HRV and readiness tools to monitor recovery and well-being — but also recognised that too much measurement can create its own stress. Technology was valued for safety and early warning, yet coaches were wary of turning health monitoring into another source of anxiety.

"The best coaches don't have more tools.
They have clearer reasons for the tools they use."

ADOPTION vs TRUST TOOL TRUST LEVEL Bike Power Meter High GPS Watch High TrainingPeaks Established HRV / Readiness Valued but questioned Run Power Contested Strava Mixed / Risk
The Trust Landscape

The most-used tools are not always
the most-trusted.

Bike power meters and GPS watches were trusted and widely adopted. But newer tools — run power, HRV, social platforms — generated more ambivalence. Coaches don't just adopt or reject technology. They hold it at different levels of trust, and that trust shifts with experience and context.

Coach's Read

Power on the bike has earned its trust over two decades. Run power is still proving itself. That difference matters — coaches who treat all metrics equally may be placing too much weight on data that hasn't been validated for their specific use case.

A Deeper Finding

Coaches don't hold one fixed view
of technology. They oscillate.

One of the study's strongest findings is that coaches shifted between different views of technology depending on context. In one conversation, a coach would describe data as essential and objective. In the next breath, they would stress the importance of feel, intuition, and the athlete's internal state.

This is not contradiction. It is practical wisdom. Good coaches hold both perspectives and move between them as the situation demands.

The Data View
"Technology doesn't lie"
Data gives the athlete fewer places to hide. It provides objectivity that verbal exchanges can't match. Even if the margin of error exists, it's more reliable than recall alone.
The Human View
"But it doesn't tell you everything"
Numbers can't capture feel, flow, or readiness in the way an experienced coach reads it. Over-reliance on data risks disconnecting the athlete from their own body.

"Coaches do not want either themselves or their athletes to feel controlled by technologies. They choose a suite of technologies that aligns with what they believe coaching is."

From the study findings

"Develop an understanding of what your
technology philosophy is — and ensure it aligns
with your coaching philosophy."

Flow, Feel, and Over-Reliance

Some coaches prescribed sessions
without technology — deliberately.

Multiple coaches described deliberately asking athletes to train without devices. The reasoning: to protect flow state, develop internal effort perception, and prevent the athlete from becoming psychologically dependent on numbers.

Others worried about the data gap this creates. If an athlete trains without a device, the session doesn't appear in the TMS. That missing data can distort weekly load calculations and monitoring.

The tension is real and unresolved. The study suggests that coaches should encourage athletes to train both with and without technology — to develop a better sense of their own effort level alongside the objective data.

Coach's Read

If an athlete can only tell you how a session went by checking their watch, something has been lost. The best athletes can feel the difference between zones without looking. Technology should sharpen that instinct, not replace it.

The Social Layer

Strava as accountability tool —
and potential risk vector.

Several coaches identified Strava as both useful and problematic. On one side, it provides a layer of accountability and social connection. On the other, athletes may chase segments, compete with peers, or push harder than prescribed in order to "perform" on the platform.

Coaches indicated that if unmanaged, Strava-influenced behaviours may lead to over-training, deviation from prescribed sessions, and — in worst cases — possible negative health outcomes. The study proposed that future research should explore strategies to balance technology use and data capture with the risks of over-measurement and social competition.

What Good Coaches Still Protect from Technology

What no device can measure.

The paper repeatedly stressed that devices do not capture the athlete's internal world. These are the things that matter to coaches — and that technology cannot reach.

Fear
No metric captures the anxiety
before a key session or race
Self-Doubt
Data doesn't know when
an athlete stops trusting themselves
Guilt
The weight of missing a session
doesn't appear in any TMS
Commitment
Dedication is invisible
to a power meter
Flow
The state where performance
feels effortless — unmeasured
Intuition
A coach's read that something
is wrong — before the data shows it

Coach's Read

This is the strongest Summit-aligned finding in the paper. Technology gives you information about what happened. Coaching gives you interpretation of what it means. The gap between those two things is where the real work happens — and where experienced coaches earn their value.

"Technology gives you information.
Coaching gives you interpretation."

Decision Shift

This changes how you think
about your own technology use.

  • Stop assuming more data equals better coaching
  • Start evaluating technology as a system — not individual tools in isolation
  • Consider the athlete's relationship with data, not just your own
  • Ask whether your athletes can still feel effort without checking a screen
  • Develop a clear technology philosophy — and make sure it aligns with your coaching philosophy
The Human Component

"Technology gives you information.
Coaching gives you interpretation.
The gap between those two things
is where the real work happens."

This study reveals that the best coaches are not the ones with the most tools. They are the ones who have thought most carefully about which tools to use, which to question, and which to set aside — in service of the athlete, not the data.

LW

Leighton Wells

Sport scientist, endurance coach, and founder of Summit Triathlon Coaching

Honest Limits

What this study does not claim.

This was a qualitative study with seven coaches. It provides depth and insight — not statistical generalisability. The sample is Australian. The interviewer is an age-group triathlete, which may introduce some bias but also offers the benefit of deeper rapport and richer conversation.

The study does not rank technologies or recommend specific platforms. It does not claim that one coaching philosophy is better than another. What it provides is a window into how experienced coaches actually think about the tools they use — and the principles behind those choices.

This is Summit's interpretation. The published paper is the primary record.

Published Research

Published research, translated for practice.

Wells, L., Konoval, T., & Bruce, L. (2023). An examination of how and why triathlon coaches use a suite of technologies in their practice. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 18(3), 687–694.

DOI: 10.1177/17479541221144129

View Article on Publisher Site → ← Back to Science & Insights